Subtype-specific single-molecule mechanics for integrin activation, mechanotransduction and cytoskeleton remodeling

Abstract

Although integrins are known to be mechano-sensitive and to possess many subtypes that have distinct physiological roles, subtype-specific mechano-sensing is yet to be characterized. We show that integrin α4β1 and RGD-binding integrins, primarily αVβ1, need to experience markedly different tension for stable cell spreading. Furthermore, actin assembled downstream of α4β1 forms cross-linked networks in circularly spread cells, is in rapid retrograde flow, and exerts low forces from actin polymerization.