Abstract
An appreciation of the important modulatory role played by the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in regulating basal ganglia projections to the motor thalamus and brainstem, has led to interest in the STN as a target for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). In 1990, DeLong and colleagues first demonstrated the reversal of motor symptoms by lesioning the STN in monkeys with MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine)-induced parkinsonism (1). Concern about the possibility of irreversible side effects from the generation of bilateral STN lesions, and experience with the safety (2) but limited efficacy of thalamic stimulation, prompted Benabid and colleagues to attempt STN deep brain stimulation (DBS) (3). Recent reports from several centers demonstrating the safety and efficacy of chronic high-frequency STN DBS have generated interest in the STN as a target of choice in the surgical treatment of PD.
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