Abstract

Bacterial multidrug efflux pumps confer resistance to a broad range of antibiotics, thus reducing the efficacy of clinical treatment of bacterial infection. EmrD is the only structurally-characterized representative of a drug:H+ antiporter of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS). However, the determinants of substrate binding and transport by EmrD remain unclear. Unlike other MFS transporters, EmrD contains no membrane-embedded acidic residues thought to be necessary for coupling drug:H+ antiport.

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