Abstract
This letter introduces a traveltime magnetoseismic technique that can estimate the substorm onset time in the magnetotail from multi‐point observations of Pi 2 pulsations. The arrival time of Pi 2, which is defined as the first peak in Pi 2 amplitude, observed by ground magnetometers presents a strong function of latitude. Using the Tamao traveltime as the forward model, the magnetoseismic inversion from the observed Pi 2 arrival time infers that the onset of the 22 July 1998 substorm in the magnetotail started at X ∼ −20 RE at 6:53:10 UT, or 1–3 minutes earlier than the Pi 2 onset time conventionally identified in ground records. The magnetoseismic result is further compared with the observations of auroral brightening, revealing a clear sequence of events during this substorm.
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