Abstract
Retinal analogues in which the 13-methyl group is replaced by H, C(2)H(5), CF(3), and OCH(3) residues are studied by means of quantumchemical modified neglect of diatomic overlap-correlated version (MNDOC) calculations. The analogues are suitable to test the stereochemical mechanism of proton pumping in bacteriorhodopsin. The results explain the proton-pumping activities of bacterio-opsin reconstituted with these analogues and elucidate the decisive role of retinal's ground-state intramolecular properties in the pump cycle of bacteriorhodopsin.
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