Abstract
Thermodynamic acidity constants of the ortho-methoxyanilinium, ortho-chloroanilinium, ortho-bromoanilinium, ortho-iodoanilinium, and ortho-nitroanilinium ions have been measured by a combined e.m.f.–spectrophotometric technique within the temperature range 10–60° and the standard enthalpies and entropies of proton dissociation have been calculated. An analysis of substituent effects on the thermodynamic functions and pKa values is made in terms of two free-energy relationships and by comparison with the results for meta- and para-substituted anilinium anions.
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