Abstract
It is extremely significant and desirable to integrate the fascinating properties of mechanochromism and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) in one simple molecule. Herein, pyrene-based aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) with mechanofluorochromic (MFC) properties solve the traditionally existing aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) challenge. Three cyanoethylene-functionalized pyrene-based derivatives were designed and synthesized. All compounds exhibit remarkable aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE) activity by a 3–20 times enhancement in mixed H2O/THF solutions. More importantly, high fluorescence efficiency was recorded in the solid state, especially for the luminogen 2c, with more than 200 times observed increased efficiency from 0.3% in solution to 69.8% in the solid state. Meanwhile, excellent mechanochromism properties and reversibility against the grinding treatment was systematically investigated. The excellent fatigue resistance properties are a necessity for potential applications in the field of anti-counterfeiting fluorescent inks and for the encryption of security information.
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