Abstract
Opencast fields mining leads to land disturbance when conducting mining operations and storing of overburden rocks. The timely reclaiming of the disturbed lands according to the legislation requirements is an immediate duty of the subsoil user. The reclamation of the previously mined-out space of quarries refers to an extremely important tasks of the mining enterprise. The use of water management direction in reclamation assumes the use of previously mined-out space of a quarry to create the water reservoir through various methods of rehabilitation. There are presented various ways of designing the coastal zone of the created artificial water reservoirs in the previously mined-out space of the quarries located worldwide, which are used for the recreational purposes. The various profiles of slopes of artificial water reservoirs in a quarry with more low gradients, suitable for swimming and recreation are shown. Designing of a coastal area on the site of a quarry, intended for water reservoirs, depends on the water level position in the created body of water. The water reservoir, as the lake of artificial origin, created on the former quarry site, is shown. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the methodological approaches and engineering solutions concerning reclamation of the mined-out space after the opencast mining for the recreational purposes.
Highlights
Opencast mining of mineral deposits is bound to disturbance of the considerable land resources during their operation
According to legislation requirements, the subsoil users, when developing mineral deposits, are obliged to fulfil [1, 2]: remediation of disturbed lands, reclamation of their fertility, useful properties and timely involvement in economic circulation; to restore lands and natural objects disturbed by subsurface operations to a state suitable for further use
Natural resource users when carrying out operations on subsurface use, geological exploration, construction and other works have to [3, 4]: maintain the occupied allotments in the state suitable for their further proper use; carry out the reclamation of disturbed lands when performing mining operations
Summary
Opencast mining of mineral deposits is bound to disturbance of the considerable land resources during their operation. Natural resource users when carrying out operations on subsurface use, geological exploration, construction and other works have to [3, 4]: maintain the occupied allotments in the state suitable for their further proper use; carry out the reclamation of disturbed lands when performing mining operations. They usually occupy the smaller area per a unit of water volume in comparison with reservoirs in natural land surface subsidence. The possibility is created of complex use of a reservoir for water supply, irrigation, fish and recreational purposes
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