Substantiation of the value of dermatoscopy methods for medical examinations in patients working with carcinogens

Abstract

Introduction. Industrial carcinogens are one of the causes leading to malignancy of epithelial neoplasms of the skin. The aim of study to assess the importance of conducting dermatoscopic research methods during periodic medical examinations of workers with industrial carcinogens. Materials and methods. 108 employees of the enterprise of Moscow were examined at periodic medical examinations of KPO FSBSI Izmerov Research Institute of Occupational Health. According to the special assessment of working conditions for harmful factors and types of work, a contingent of 60 people who had contact with industrial carcinogens and 48 people who did not have contact with industrial factors was identified. A complex of clinical-anamnestic and diagnostic methods was performed. Clinical research-interview of the patient, study of the patient's medical history, complaints, heredity, Constitution, professional activity, skin type and harmful effects; duration of existence and dynamics of changes in the size of the neoplasm. Visual examination of the patient's skin under natural and side lighting using a magnifying glass with 7x magnification. Physical examination of the primary skin tumor: the shape, color, size, and boundaries of the neoplasm were preliminarily evaluated. Epiluminescent surface microscopy (dermatoscopy) of each suspected pigmented neoplasm was performed using a Heine Delta 20 Dermatoscope (Heine Optotechnik, Germany). During dermatoscopy, in order to make the surface layers of the skin more transparent, oil was applied to the surface of the neoplasm. Digital photos during dermatoscopy were taken using a Nikon D 3100 18-55 II Kit digital camera, which was connected to the Dermatoscope by a Nikon UR-E15 adapter ring. Industrial carcinogens are one of the causes leading to malignancy of epithelial neoplasms of the skin. Results. According to the results of the study in a group of patients, it was found that workers who had contact with industrial carcinogens, epithelial skin neoplasms were much more common and more common at a young age (from 18 to 39 years), compared with patients who did not have contact with carcinogens at work. It was also revealed that epithelial neoplasms of the skin are most often diagnosed with longer work experience. It is noted that in patients who have contact with industrial carcinogens, even with work experience of up to 10 years, epithelial skin neoplasms are more often detected. Conclusions. There are good reasons to believe that exposure to industrial carcinogenic factors significantly increases the risk of developing skin neoplasms. The use of dermatoscopic diagnostic methods will allow timely detection of benign skin neoplasms in persons who have contact with industrial carcinogens during preventive medical examinations and thereby reduce the risk of malignant neoplasms.