Substantiation of stable parameters of dumps on the basis of a geomechanical model of designed objects

Abstract

Recently, an increase in the depth of opencast mining of practically all types of minerals leads to an increase in overburden volumes. The lack of space for the placement of excavated rocks leads to the optimization of technological solutions regarding dumping. Determination of the stable parameters of the dumps in specific mining and geological conditions by creating a geomechanical model of the designed dumping sites will solve this problem as much as possible. Taking into account all the difficulties and peculiarities of the variety of mining-geological and mining-technical conditions for the placement of external dumps at the stage of designing mountain objects, involving in the creation of a geomechanical block model the physicomechanical characteristics of overburden stored rocks, base soils, taking into account studies at maximum load, the moisture content of the entire dump facilities, power and angle of inclination of the base of the designed facility, climatic conditions, the intensity of the dumping will give the ability to improve the reliability of the obtained geomechanical calculations of the stability parameters of a complex engineering structure. The SURPAC system allows you to display the results of calculations and design in a visual form in real three-dimensional space. Based on the many available initial data, a set of surface maps is developed for the angle of inclination of the blade base, for elasticity, for the thickness of the weak layer, for humidity, with the allocation of zones of the most and least favorable base conditions for the dump dump, and we obtain a map of the distribution of the safety factor of the building under construction.