Substantiation of efficiency and ecological safety of technologies and cyclone plants of a new generation in iron ore dressing and processing

Abstract

Methods of complex generalization, analysis and evaluation of practical experience and scientific achievements in the field of creation and introduction of new technologies and technical means for substantiation of efficiency and ecological safety of cyclone plants of a new generation, when dressing and processing iron ore, capable to improve environmental protection and working conditions, as well as to reduce the loss of useful product are described. It is established that dimensions of a permanent magnet depend on its properties and the distance of the plant`s working zone from the pole. For ferrobarium magnets and the distance of up to 3 mm, the width of the pole may not exceed 1 cm and the thickness – 42 mm; for the distance of 7 mm, the optimal width will be 2 cm and thickness – 70 mm. With that, for continuous regeneration of deposition surfaces, the optimal ratio of the pole pitch to the pole width is 2.44. It is proved that the efficiency of magnetic dust capture increases with increasing cyclone size and force acting on the particle, and decreases with increasing velocity in the cyclone inlet and the diameter of dust particles. In this case, the total inertial-magnetic efficiency does not depend on the cyclone size and averages 92%. The design of the cyclone plant for wet purification of air and gases is proposed, in which the plant poles pitch depends on the distance to the magnet pole, and the dependence of the magnetic force is always close to the exponent Fx = 1640exp (–0.268x), when the field induction for magnets on the pole surface is 0.1 T. The developed cyclone plant allows to catch any dust with efficiency more than 60% even at increase in speed of a stream in the inlet pipe by 1,5–2 times, and also to exclude air suctions and penetration of liquid drops in the cleared stream; reduce the loss of the useful product, return it to the technological process and reduce the dust load on the environment.