Substance Abuse in the Workplace

Abstract

Introduction Who is This Book For? Importance of the Problem Paradigms and Politics Purpose of This Book Brief History of Substance Abuse Introduction Chemical Dependency and Substance Abuse Early History Opium Coca and Cocaine Khat Alcohol Mushrooms and Other Fungi Cacti Marijuana Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Drugs Summary How the Human Body Works Introduction Definitions Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Respiratory System Digestive System Nervous System Reproductive System Endocrine System Blood Circulatory System Lymphatic System Urinary System The Liver Summary The Chemistry of Medicinal Substances Introduction Definitions Classes of Common Chemical Substances Commonly Abused Chemicals Alcohol Amphetamines Barbiturates Phenothiazines and Benzodiazepines Alkaloids Opiates Cocaine and Cocates Hallucinogens Salicylates Aspirin Substitutes Marijuana Steroids Antihistamines Bromides Lithium Diet Medications Laxatives Vitamin Abuse Designer Chemical Substances Commercial Products Over-the-Counter Chemical Substances Unusual Drugs Mixing Drugs Summary Toxicology of Chemical Substances Introduction Definitions Health Hazards Acute Exposures Chronic Exposures Toxic Classes Poisoning Potential Dose Response Animal Models Response Curve Distribution Curve Cancer and Birth Defects Teratogens Mutagens Carcinogens Mixtures of Substances Summary Interactions with Occupational or Environmental Chemicals Introduction Synergistic and Antagonistic Effects Occupational Exposures and Substance Abuse Environmental Exposures and Substance Abuse Summary Identification of the Substance Abuser Why Do People Misuse Chemical Substances? Peer Pressure Maladapted Response to Stress Is the Abuser Different? Identification and Recognition of the Substance Abuser Drug Testing Summary Employee Assistance Programs Introduction What Is an EAP? Types of EAPs Elements of the Program Administrative Functions How the Program Works Five-Step Program to Assist the Employee Cost Effectiveness of an EAP National Institute on Drug Abuse Assistance to EAPs Summary Laws and Regulations Governing Substance Abuse Introduction Early Legislation Recent Legislation Physician Licensing and Prescription System Role of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Drug Schedules Role of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988 Requirements under the Act for Employers Requirements under the Act for Employees Summary Substance Abuse in Specific Work Settings Introduction Substance Abuse in the Medical and Allied Sciences Professions Substance Abuse in the Transportation Industries Substance Abuse in the Mining and Petroleum Industries Substance Abuse in the Construction Industries Substance Abuse in the Clerical Professions Substance Abuse in the Law Enforcement and Firefighting Professions Substance Abuse in the Military Substance Abuse in the Entertainment Industries Substance Abuse in Sports Substance Abuse in the Teaching Profession Substance Abuse in the Manufacturing and Utilities Industries Substance Abuse in the Warehousing and Sales Industries Summary Case Studies and Examples Use of Case Studies Case Studies Some General Conclusions from These Case Studies A Final Word Why This Book What Can Be Done Conclusion Appendixes: A. Chronology of History of Drug Abuse B. Contacts and Telephone Numbers for Help C. Procedures for Setting Up Drug Testing Program D. Model Drug-Free Workplace Program Documents E. The Employee Assistance Program Glossary Bibliography Index