Abstract
Surface subsidence caused by coal mining has a great impact on the geological and ecological environments and causes damage to houses, roads, and industrial buildings. In order to understand the subsidence pattern in the mountainous mining regions, three mining faces of the Zhangjiamao mining area in the north of Shaanxi province, northwestern China are taken as case study. Firstly, the small baseline subset (SBAS) technology is used to process 12 images obtained in the mining area to investigate the subsidence data from December 2019 to April 2020. The boundary of surface deformation of the mining area interpreted by the SBAS-InSAR technology is inconsistent with the theoretical boundary suggested by coal mine subsidence theories. Especially, there are some areas in which the real subsidence are larger than estimated area. This discrepancy must be corrected as steep slopes near the theoretical boundary may increase the likelihood of landslides. Our research indicates that: (1) The accumulated displacement and the maximum deformation rate reached −120.759 mm and −270.012 mm/yr in the study area, and the subsidence boundary of the three mining faces is revealed; (2) the combination of the predicted boundary and slope stability analysis can effectively identify the landslide region at the edge of subsidence boundary; (3) the field surveys have proved the effectiveness of this method. The mining area subsidence revealed by our research helps to further understand the impact of land subsidence caused by mining in the mountainous areas and provides a practical method to predict subsidence boundaries and the likelihood for landslides.
Highlights
Coal is the most important basic energy to support the development of China’s national economy and ensure people’s livelihood [1]
It is evident that the slippage of the slope expanded the subsidence range, so that the subsidence boundary measured by small baseline subset (SBAS)-InSAR is beyond the predicted boundary
We obtained the time series information of land subsidence from December 2019 to April 2020 for the mining area based on the SBAS-InSAR technology, and characteristic points are extracted from the strike and inclination of coal seam to analysis the subsidence
Summary
Coal is the most important basic energy to support the development of China’s national economy and ensure people’s livelihood [1]. Due to the poor surface vegetation, serious soil and water loss, and high-density and deep-cut gullies, landslide and collapse are easy to occur in these regions [2] This causes serious damage to the ecology and environment of the mining area and even threatens the life of the local residents [3,4]. In order to obtain the subsidence pattern of the study area and reveal the influence of landslide on edge of the subsidence range, this paper first obtains the InSAR time series subsidence data of the mining area from December 2019 to April 2020 It uses the SBAS-InSAR technology to analyze the surface subsidence in this study area and reveals the temporal and spatial subsidence pattern of this mine area.
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