Abstract
In this paper, we design a symmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) gas sensor based on two-dimensional Photonic crystals (Phc), which is filled with the gases of different refractive index in the holes of the silicon plate. Self-Collimation (SC) effect analyzed by equi-frequency contour (EFC) is used to route the propagation of light straightly; the bending and splitting of lights are realized by the line-defect structures. Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations show that the outputs of the MZI vary with the gas in the test arm and a π phase shift of the two output light beams is achieved as the gas refractive index n=1.24. By analyzing the corresponding relationship between the output results and the refractive index of gases in the test arm, it can act as a gas sensor. Finally, we conclude the mechanisms of the outputs and analyze the phase shift and the Effective Index (n <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">eff</inf> ) in the SC direction which is calculated by the radio of vector-k As the wavelength λ=632.8nm (the wavelength of CO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> laser), the size of the MZI is as small as 6745nm×6745nm. Thus, we realize the micromation of the sensor, which may play an important role in high-density integration design.
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