Abstract
Oregano essential oil (OEO) is a natural compound consisting of potent antibiotic molecules. Its volatility is the major obstacle against the transportation and anti-bacterial performance. In this work, submicron-sized vermiculite (SMV) particles were prepared from Australian vermiculite clay by ball milling, and tested as a potential particulate-carrier for OEO. The loading of OEO by SMV can be easily achieved by mechanical mixing. Compared to raw vermiculite and free OEO, the OEO-loaded SMV displayed sustained isothermal release behaviour of OEO and demonstrated enhanced antibacterial performance in in vitro antibacterial tests against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis). This study provides a facile and commercially viable approach in designing advantageous carriers for volatile actives in antimicrobial applications.
Highlights
Vermiculite Assisted Oregano Oil forIn recent years, the food and agriculture industries have developed a growing interest in natural antibiotics with added benefits over synthetic antibiotics [1]
The collected vermiculite was dipped in HCl solution for carbonate removal
The resulting products were denoted as raw vermiculite (RV) after the process
Summary
Vermiculite Assisted Oregano Oil forIn recent years, the food and agriculture industries have developed a growing interest in natural antibiotics with added benefits over synthetic antibiotics [1]. OEO is a natural, essential oil with volatile secondary metabolites isolated from Origanum vulgare L. Its active components include antioxidative agents such as carvacrol and thymol, and antibacterial agents such as monoterpene hydrocarbons (e.g., p-cymene and γ-terpinene) [3,4,5,6,7], altering bacterial cell permeability and causing leakage to induce bactericidal activity [8]. In the range of 300–1200 ppm, OEO exhibited effective antibacterial performance in livestock research, including poultry, cattle [10], hogs [11], and pet animals [12]. The volatile nature of OEO has been a major limitation for transportation and field applications, leading to the rapidly decreasing effectiveness of OEO with the loss of active components over time
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