Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of the submerged fermentation procedure in the production of bioactive metabolites of the common edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. The biomass of the mushroom strain was produced by submerged fermentation in a batch stirred tank bioreactor and extracted by solvents of increasing polarity. The dichloromethane and methanol extract were fractioned by different techniques including Adsorption Chromatography and Fast Centrifugal Partition Chromatography (FCPC). The structures of pure compounds were elucidated with 1D/2D NMR-spectroscopic analyses, and chemical correlations combined with GC/MS and LC/MS experiments. Nineteen metabolites (e.g., fatty acids, phenolic metabolites, nucleotides and alkaloids) were isolated. Beyond the production of known metabolites, we report herein the production also of trans-3,4-dihydro-3,4,8-trihydroxynapthalen-1(2H)-one, indolo-3-carboxylic acid, 3-formylpyrrole and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, that have pharmaceutical interest and are isolated for the first time from Pleurotus strains.This work indicates the great potential of the established bioprocess for the production of P. ostreatus mycelia with enhanced metabolic profile.
Highlights
Many cultures worldwide have long recognized that beyond their nutritional value certain mushrooms can have some health-promoting benefits as well
This study presents the isolation and identification of compounds derived from biomass by submerged fermentation of the studied strain in stirred tank bioreactor
The biomass of P. ostreatus was produced by submerged fermentation in a batch stirred tank bioreactor and subsequently extracted with DCM and MeOH
Summary
Many cultures worldwide have long recognized that beyond their nutritional value certain mushrooms can have some health-promoting benefits as well. In China and Japan, in particular, many of these mushrooms have become important ingredients in Traditional Chinese Medicine. 270 species of mushrooms are considered to possess therapeutic properties [1], and nowadays the term “medicinal mushrooms” has gained worldwide recognition. Many edible mushrooms used in traditional folk medicine, including Lentinus edodes (shiitake mushroom), Grifola frondosa (maitake), Hericium erinaceus, Flammulina velutipes, Tremella mesenterica and Pleurotus ostreatus are considered a good source of bioactive compounds [2]. Interest in this species has increased considerably in the last decade because of its gastronomic value and its nutraceutical properties [3]. The medicinal beneficial effects of P. ostreatus, such as antioxidant, antitumor and cholesterol-lowering activities, have been investigated intensively [4]
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