Abstract
The observations of hydrothermal systems along midoceanic spreading centers by the deep‐diving submarine, Alvin, have led to numerous geological theories to explain phenomena ranging from heat flow to the formation of massive sulfide deposits. Unusual life in the forms of giant tube worms and mussels (Eos, Dec. 29, 1981) have been found to live along the submarine hot springs in chemically reducing and normally toxic sulfurous environments. Analyses of data over the past year or two have formed the basis of new life‐evolution schemes. J.B. Corliss, J.A. Baross, and S.E. Hoffman have outlined a process by which concentrations of methane, ammonia, hydrogen, and metals may have reacted, in several steps, to produce living organisms within or adjacent to submarine hydrothermal systems (Oceanol. Acta, 59–69, 1981).
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