Abstract
The 48-h LC 50 of treated refinery effluent for 2-day-old Daphnia pulex was 76% effluent. The 14-day LC 50 was 6.4% effluent and this was a threshold value for mortality. For reproductive failure, the 14-day EC 50 was 3.1% effluent, and the EC 5 of 0.52% effluent was considered to approximate the threshold of sublethal effect. Daphnia reproduction was the most sensitive response in a series of studies that included fish growth, reproduction, locomotion, and respiration. Results are considered representative for a well-treated effluent from a petroleum refinery. The 48-h lethal test with D. pulex would be a useful tool for monitoring or assessing such effluents, since it is simple, small-scale, quick, and about 2.6 times as sensitive as a lethal test with trout.
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