Subjective reactions to rapid and normal paced aversive smoking

Abstract

This study explored subjective reactions to rapid and normal paced aversive smoking through the use of a negative sensations checklist administered after every trial over six treatment sessions. Reports of aversiveness and negative sensations were greater for rapid than for normal paced smoking, although during later sessions aversive ratings for the normal paced group approximated the levels reported by rapid smoking subjects. Analyses of individual items on the sensations checklist revealed that the two smoking interventions differed primarily on symptoms related to cardiovascular stress and gastro-intestinal upset. Moderate correlations were obtained between the number of negative sensations reported and the overall aversion rating. Subjective reactions were not significantly correlated with treatment outcome. The pattern of sensations reported generally did not support a nicotine poisoning interpretation of the effects of rapid smoking. Implications for the clinical use of aversive smoking, possible mechanisms of change in rapid smoking treatment, and the need for increased attention to the multidimensional assessment of smoking behavior were discussed.