Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the subjective perception types and characteristics of Korean middle school students regarding participation in the “0th period physical education class”, a class involving physical movement that takes place before the start of regular school classes in the morning. This goal was achieved by applying the Q methodology, which can categorize the subjective viewpoints of research participants. The selection of the final 25 Q-samples was done by composing the Q-population. Twenty middle school students were selected as the P-sample, and Q-sorting was performed on them. The PQ method program (version 2.35) was used to perform centroid factor analysis and varimax rotation. The study presented five types with a total variance of 87%. Types 1 to 5 (N = 4, 4, 4, 5, and 3) pertained to a potent means of enhancing lesson concentration and academic performance, efficient activities to improve physical ability and a healthy body image in adolescence, the motivating power behind a stable school life and sociability development, building an upright character and successful changes in daily life, and raising awareness of the importance of participating in sports and the importance of physical activity, with eigenvalues (EVs) of 3.89, 4.48, 3.96, 5.16, and 2.58, respectively, and explanatory variances of 0.10, 0.22, 0.13, 0.33, and 0.09, respectively. Moreover, consensus statements for each factor were demonstrated as being Q24 and Q25. The findings in this study supported the academic foundation for the official introduction and activation of “0th period physical education classes” in the Korean education community for the near future.
Highlights
More than 20 years ago, school violence emerged as a serious social problem in Korea.In particular, in a more recent case occurred on 20 December 2011, when a middle school student, aged 13, committed suicide in his apartment in Daegu, South Korea
It is worth noting that physical education (P.E.) is at the center of various policies proposed by the government for solving the problem of school violence
The Q methodology was developed by William Stephenson in 1953 and is a method that can categorize the subjective viewpoints of research participants [16]
Summary
More than 20 years ago, school violence emerged as a serious social problem in Korea. In a more recent case occurred on 20 December 2011, when a middle school student, aged 13, committed suicide in his apartment in Daegu, South Korea. The decisive reason for choosing suicide was due to bullying from two other students. This incident sent the whole nation into a state of shock, and the Korean government began to develop countermeasures [1]. It is worth noting that physical education (P.E.) is at the center of various policies proposed by the government for solving the problem of school violence.
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