Abstract
ObjectiveTo explore differences and similarities in relationships between subcortical structure volumes and neurocognition among the four subject groups, including first-episode schizophrenia (FES), bipolar disorder (BD), major depression disorder (MDD), and healthy controls (HCs).MethodsWe presented findings from subcortical volumes and neurocognitive analyses of 244 subjects (109 patients with FES; 63 patients with BD, 30 patients with MDD, and 42 HCs). Using the FreeSurfer software, volumes of 16 selected subcortical structures were automatically segmented and analyzed for relationships with results from seven neurocognitive tests from the MATRICS (Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia) Cognitive Consensus Battery (MCCB).ResultsLarger left lateral ventricle volumes in FES and BD, reduced bilateral hippocampus and amygdala volumes in FES, and lower bilateral amygdala volumes in BD and MDD were presented compared with HCs, and both FES and BD had a lower bilateral amygdala volume than MDD; there were seven cognitive dimension, five cognitive dimension, and two cognitive dimension impairments in FES, BD, and MDD, respectively; significant relationships were found between subcortical volumes and neurocognition in FES and BD but not in MDD and HCs; besides age and years of education, some subcortical volumes can predict neurocognitive performances variance.ConclusionThe different degrees of subcortical volume lessening may contribute to the differences in cognitive impairment among the three psychiatric disorders.
Highlights
MethodsWe presented findings from subcortical volumes and neurocognitive analyses of 244 subjects (109 patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES); 63 patients with bipolar disorder (BD), 30 patients with major depression disorder (MDD), and 42 healthy controls (HCs))
Reviewed by: Ryan Muetzel, Erasmus Medical Center, Netherlands Pedro Gomes Penteado Rosa, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
Larger left lateral ventricle volumes in first-episode schizophrenia (FES) and bipolar disorder (BD), reduced bilateral hippocampus and amygdala volumes in FES, and lower bilateral amygdala volumes in BD and major depression disorder (MDD) were presented compared with healthy controls (HCs), and both FES and BD had a lower bilateral amygdala volume than MDD; there were seven cognitive dimension, five cognitive dimension, and two cognitive dimension impairments in FES, BD, and MDD, respectively; significant relationships were found between subcortical volumes and neurocognition in FES and BD but not in MDD and HCs; besides age and years of education, some subcortical volumes can predict neurocognitive performances variance
Summary
We presented findings from subcortical volumes and neurocognitive analyses of 244 subjects (109 patients with FES; 63 patients with BD, 30 patients with MDD, and 42 HCs). This study included a total of 109 patients with FES (43 men and 66 women), 63 patients with BD (38 men and 24 women), 30 patients with MDD (14 men and 16 women), and 42 HCs (22 men and 20 women). The inclusion criteria of FES included the following: [1] Sch diagnosis according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) based on the Structured Clinical Interview; [2] male or female patients aged 16 years and older; [3] first outpatient treatment or hospitalization less than 2 weeks; [4] education for at least 6 years; and [5] right-handed confirmation based on the short version of the Edinburgh Handedness Scale. Exclusion criteria were as follows: [1] claustrophobia; [2] a history of head trauma; [3] brain organic disease confirmed by T2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); [4] substance dependence or drug abuse or before; [5] learning disability or mental delay; and [6] other contraindications to MRI
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