Sub-zero metalworking fluids for high performance cutting of difficult to cut materials

Abstract

Sub-zero metalworking fluids (MWF) are applied above the temperatures used for cryogenic machining, but at temperatures below 0 °C. In this paper, various sub-zero MWF formulations based on pure ethane-1,2-diol, ethane-1,2-diol and emulsified ester as well as propane-1,2-diol are used for high performance cutting of Ti-6Al-4V. These formulations are investigated regarding tool temperatures, process forces, tool wear and surface topography. Furthermore, the tool-chip contact length is investigated in order to determine the effects of the MWF on the chip formation. It can be shown that the formulation containing propane-1,2-diol, which has favorable ecological and health properties, leads to good results.