Abstract
This paper presents a simple and low-cost capillary electrophoresis method for ultra-fast simultaneous determination of naphazoline (NPZ) and one of the following active ingredients: diphenhydramine (DIP), pheniramine (PHEN) or chlorpheniramine (CPHEN). The proposed method is based on capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-C4D) equipped with a short length capillary column (10 cm). One sample can be analyzed every 35 s (ca. 100 injections per hour) with resolutions between peaks greater than 1.4. The optimized background electrolyte (BGE) was composed by 20 mmol L-1 histidine and 10 mmol L-1 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid (pH = 9.5, adjusted with NaOH). Limits of detection were 25 µmol L-1 for NPZ, DIP, and PHEN and 13 µmol L-1 for CPHEN. The results obtained with the developed procedure were compared to those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and no statistically significant differences were observed (95% confidence level).
Highlights
Naphazoline (NPZ) is an active ingredient used in over-the-counter eye and nasal preparations.[1]
Its field of action is increased by combining it with other active ingredients in the same formulation, e.g. diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DIP),[4,5] pheniramine maleate (PHEN)[6] or chlorpheniramine maleate (CPHEN).[7,8]
The initial intention was the determination of the four molecules in a single run, the similar mobilities of PHEN and CPHEN in the pH range (3 to 12) commonly used in capillary zone electrophoresis prevent their quick separation
Summary
Naphazoline (NPZ) is an active ingredient used in over-the-counter eye and nasal preparations.[1]. Pharmaceutical formulations containing NZP + DIP, NPZ + PHEN or NPZ + CPHEN are very popular and accessible, and are widely consumed around the world. For this reason, the development of fast, simple, low cost and environmentally friendly analytical
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