Abstract
Background: The use of herbs such as Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry-Lecomte et O'Rorke Baill) for nutrition and to treat diseases is almost universal among nonindustrialized societies, as it is often more affordable than modern pharmaceuticals. Therefore, the objective of this study was to screen the coagulation potentials of the crude methanolic leaf extract of I. gabonensis in albino wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty albino wistar rats were used for the study. They were grouped into: A, B, C, D and E, with Group A as the control. The test Groups (B-E) were orally administered with graded concentrations (50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg body weight) respectively once daily for 9 days. Four ml of venous blood was collected from the ocular plexus on days 3, 6 and 9. Two ml was delivered into a test tube containing 0.25 ml of trisodium citrate anticoagulant for the determination of prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). The remaining 2 ml was emptied into tripotassium ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid anticoagulant bottle for the determination of platelet count. Results: All investigations were analyzed using standard hematological methods. There was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) when all the parameters evaluated in the test groups were compared with the control group on day 3. However, there was a statistically significant decrease in Groups B and C (P < 0.05 each) in APTT when compared with the control group on day 6. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) recorded in all the parameters investigated in all the test groups when compared with the control group on day 9. There was neither duration of exposure nor dose-related statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in all the parameters evaluated in all the test groups when days 3, 6 and 9 were compared. Conclusion: From the result of the present study, it can be concluded that I. gabonensis crude methanolic leaf extract has no adverse effects on PT, APTT and Platelet mean values at low dose and short duration.
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