Abstract
Summary Tidal deflection of the vertical, astronomical zenith and height differences due to separate and common effect of the Moon and the Sun is analysed in the article. The character of tidal changes is determined. Formulas for determining tidal changes of vertical and height differences are presented. Effect of celestial bodies and changes of vertical and height differences are analysed. GPS station Vilnius point was selected for research. The largest effect of the Moon and the Sun on the vertical, astronomical zenith and height difference is due to the new Moon or full Moon, when both celestial bodies are culminating together. Their influence on vertical is of the same sign. Maximal deflection of the vertical is close to the noon and minimum deflection is in the morning and in the evening. Zenith in the course of 24 hours is drawing two closed curves (one smaller and other bigger diameter) on the celestial sphere, symmetric to meridian plane. Vertical deflection in meridian reaches 0,020, and in the f...
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