Abstract
Styrylchromones (SC) are a group of oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds, which are characterized by the attachment of a styryl group to the chromone core. SC can be found in nature or can be chemically synthesized in the laboratory. As their presence in nature is scarce, the synthetic origin is the most common. Two types of SC are known: 2-styrylchromones and 3-styrylchromones. However, 2-styrylchromones are the most common, being more commonly found in nature and which chemical synthesis is more commonly described. A wide variety of SC has been described in the literature, with different substituents in different positions, the majority of which are distributed on the A- and/or B-rings. Over the years, several biological activities have been attributed to SC. This work presents a comprehensive review of the biological activities attributed to SC and their structure-activity relationship, based on a published literature search, since 1989. The following biological activities are thoroughly revised and discussed in this review: antioxidant, antiallergic, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antitumoral, affinity and selectivity for A3 adenosine receptors, neuroprotective, and α-glucosidase inhibition. In general, SC are composed by a promising scaffold with great potential for the development of new drugs.
Highlights
Chromones are a group of oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds with a benzoannelated γ-pyrone ring
Among the compounds derived from chromones, there is a group characterized by having a styryl group attached to the chromone core, known as styrylchromones (SC) [3]
The results indicate that the introduction of −OH (79) or −OCH3 (80) at C-3 on the C-ring, when a −F atom is present at C-6 on the A-ring, enhanced the activity against serotype 14 and led to the loss of efficacy against serotype 1B [39]
Summary
Chromones are a group of oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds with a benzoannelated γ-pyrone ring. The chromone ring system or chromone core (4H-chromen-4-ones or 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one, Figure 1) is found in several derivatives, and it is claimed as responsible for several biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral, and antimicrobial. Several biological activities have been attributed to SC, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, neuroprotective, and antiallergic [3, 4]. This versatility has attracted the attention of several authors to the study of this group of chromones. This work provides an overview of the two types of SC that are known: 2-styrylchromones (2-SC) and 3styrylchromones (3-SC), as well as their natural occurrence and synthetic approaches Their following biological activities are systematically described and discussed in terms of SAR: antioxidant, antiallergic, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antitumoral.
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