Abstract
The paper presents the results of the experimental research of a two-stage process for styrene production from butadiene-1,3 by a sequential synthesis of the butadiene-1,3 (4-vinylcyclohexene-1 and cyclooctadiene) cyclodimers in the first stage and styrene – in the second stage. The purpose of the research is to increase the productivity of the process and its selectivity and to simplify the technology for producing styrene and ethylbenzene from one type of raw material – n-butane. The possibility of producing 4-vinylcyclohexene-1 and cyclooctadiene by thermal and catalytic butadiene-1,3 dimerization on batch and continuous installations using copper nitrate, copper [Cu(NH3)4] (NO2) complex salt, iron pentacarbonyl, iron trichloride as catalysts is shown, as well as the regularities of the thermal butadiene dimerization process in the gas phase are established. The goal has been achieved by carrying out the synthesis of butadiene dimers on a flow-through installation in the gas phase at a high temperature and low pressure, in the presence of water vapor and a gum inhibitor. The results of laboratory research of the process for the styrene production by 4-vinylcyclohexene-1 dehydrogenation at the industrial catalysts for the hydrocarbons dehydrogenation: palladium 1.0% Pd/γ-Al2O3 (AP), platinum 0.6% Pt/γ-Al2O3 (IP-62), iron-chromium-potassium oxide (K-28) aluminum-chromium granulated for one-step dehydrogenation of n-butane produced by "Houdry" are presented. The possibility of styrene production by 4-vinylcyclohexene-1 dehydrogenation at the industrial catalyst for the ethylbenzene dehydrogenation has been established. It is shown that turning 4-vinylcyclohexene-1 into styrene occurs with an increase in temperature above 400 °C through the ethylbenzene-forming stage. When dehydrating 4-vinylcyclohexene-1, selectivity for ethylbenzene on the aluminum-chromium catalyst for the dehydrogenation of paraffin hydrocarbons with the composition of 18–20% Cr2O3, γAl2O3 has been revealed. According to the results obtained, optimal conditions for the process have been chosen.
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