Abstract
The prevailing situation in our historical circles at the present time is that the style of stressing the ancient and de-emphasizing the modern [hou-ku po-chin] is all-pervasive. Although stressing the modern and de-emphasizing the ancient has been steadily encouraged since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the former tendency [of stressing the ancient and de-emphasizing the modern] still predominates. In view of this situation, we have thought that it is all right for historians to stress what they like and that their pursuits [in different directions] may not be incompatible. It has never occurred to us that there is a serious problem involved. It was not until Comrade Ch'en Po-ta told us in a lecture that this is a crucial problem of how science is to progress that our understanding was enhanced. In order to prepare ourselves for the great leap forward, we workers in the field of history are both resolved and confident of changing the present situation: to develop rapidly the style of stressing the modern and de-emphasizing the ancient, and to elevate studies of the modern period from a position of inferiority to that of absolute superiority.
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