Stygmatyzacja osób uzależnionych od alkoholu oraz systemu leczenia uzależnień w Warszawie i w społeczności lokalnej

Abstract

IntroductionAlcoholism is mentioned as one of the most important social problems, and alcohol dependent persons are socially excluded and stigmatised. The aim of the discussed study was to evaluate the perception of alcohol dependent persons starting outpatient treatment, as well as to consider whether alcohol dependent persons and outpatient clinics are subjects of the social stigma. Evaluation was performed on patients and therapists at two outpatient alcohol treatment clinics in Warsaw and the local community. Materials and methodsThe qualitative research methodology was used. Interviews with a standardised list of desired information were applied to therapists and patients. In two different communities 64 interviews were conducted. ResultsIn the respondents’ opinion, alcohol dependent persons are stigmatised. The discrediting attributes are alcohol drinking, maintaining abstinence and alcohol treatment in outpatient clinic. The general image of alcoholics consists in low social and financial status, neglected appearance and lifestyle. Taking treatment is the last resort, because it is the moment that the label alcoholic adheres to a drinker. It is strengthened by the therapist who diagnoses alcohol addiction. Despite attempts to correct the stigma through therapy and changes in lifestyle, the general image of alcoholics does not change. This label remains even after the end of treatment. Patients fear that disclosure of treatment will label their families. In the opinion of therapists, the stigma also affects the workers of the outpatient clinics as employees of worse category institutions. The neglect of the addiction treatment sector is a clear manifestation of this labelling.