Abstract
A new variant of the effusion method for measuring the thermodynamic activity (Gibbs energy) in the alkali-metal binary and ternary systems (Cs–Na, K–Na, Cs–K, Cs–K–Na) is proposed. The activity is determined using the partial pressures of the components by the effusion method with measurement of atomic beam intensity. As oxygen inevitably reacts with a molten alkali metal, the effusion hole cannot be made in advance. Therefore, the effusive hole was machined directly in the vacuum chamber by the electron-ray pulse (the electron linear accelerator was located inside the chamber) after the cell acquired the working temperature. The pressure range was intermediate between Knudsen's mode and the hydrodynamic one. A detailed analysis shows that it is possible to operate outside the range where the Hertz–Knudsen equation applies.
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