Abstract
Conventional methods for enzyme immobilisation onto sensor surfaces often use dip‐, drop‐ or spin‐coating techniques. In this study, a nano‐spotting technique has been investigated for a patterned, spatially resolved deposition of enzymes onto a capacitive field‐effect electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor (EIS) sensor and compared with the drop‐coating method. Therefore, four different sensor arrangements covered with immobilised penicillinase as a model enzyme have been studied: (i) The sensor surface fully drop‐coated, (ii) half drop‐coated, (iii) half nano‐spotted and (iv) fully nano‐spotted with penicillinase. The sensors have been electrochemically characterised in pH buffers and penicillin solutions by means of impedance‐spectroscopy, capacitance–voltage and constant‐capacitance methods.
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