Studying the Effect of Taking Statins before Infection in the Severity Reduction of COVID-19 with Machine Learning.

Alireza Davoudi,Mohsen Ahmadi,Narges Najafi,Marzieh Rabiee,Abbas Sharifi,Roshina Hassantabar,Atefeh Tayebi,Hamideh Abbaspour Kasgari,Fatemeh Ahmadi,Quan Zou

doi:10.1155/2021/9995073

Alireza Davoudi, Mohsen Ahmadi + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9995073

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Abstract

Statins can help COVID-19 patients' treatment because of their involvement in angiotensin-converting enzyme-2. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of statins on COVID-19 severity for people who have been taking statins before COVID-19 infection. The examined research patients include people that had taken three types of statins consisting of Atorvastatin, Simvastatin, and Rosuvastatin. The case study includes 561 patients admitted to the Razi Hospital in Ghaemshahr, Iran, during February and March 2020. The illness severity was encoded based on the respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, systolic pressure, and diastolic pressure in five categories: mild, medium, severe, critical, and death. Since 69.23% of participants were in mild severity condition, the results showed the positive effect of Simvastatin on COVID-19 severity for people that take Simvastatin before being infected by the COVID-19 virus. Also, systolic pressure for this case study is 137.31, which is higher than that of the total patients. Another result of this study is that Simvastatin takers have an average of 95.77 mmHg O2Sat; however, the O2Sat is 92.42, which is medium severity for evaluating the entire case study. In the rest of this paper, we used machine learning approaches to diagnose COVID-19 patients' severity based on clinical features. Results indicated that the decision tree method could predict patients' illness severity with 87.9% accuracy. Other methods, including the K-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithm, support vector machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes classifier, and discriminant analysis, showed accuracy levels of 80%, 68.8%, 61.1%, and 85.1%, respectively.

Highlights

In late December 2019, a previously unidentified coronavirus, currently named the 2019 novel β-coronavirus, emerged from Wuhan, China, the provincial capital of Hubei Province
The present study investigates the effect of using standard doses of statins in the months before infection in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Razi Hospital in Ghaemshahr, Iran, during February and March 2020, to reduce the severity of the disease and mortality rate of COVID-19
The present study investigates the effect of using standard doses of statins in the months before infection in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Razi Hospital in Ghaemshahr (Mazandaran Province, Iran) during February and March 2020 in reducing the severity of the disease and mortality rate of COVID-19

Summary

Introduction

In late December 2019, a previously unidentified coronavirus, currently named the 2019 novel β-coronavirus, emerged from Wuhan, China, the provincial capital of Hubei Province. The virus was later named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [1]. The World Health Organization (WHO) first declared the coronavirus disease (named COVID-19) as an international public health emergency and as a pandemic [2]. The disease’s incubation period is from 2 to 14 (average 4 to 7) days [1], and its initial manifestations are related to viremia. The clinical manifestations of COVID-19, which appear after an incubation period of around 5-6 days, are associated with the release of cytokines and cytokine storm syndrome in severe cases. The clinical spectrum of the disease varies from asymptomatic or mild (in more than 80%) to severe cases, which lead to acute respiratory syndrome, respiratory failure, and death.

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