Abstract
Flavor violating processes in the lepton sector have highly suppressed branching ratios in the standard model. Thus, observation of lepton flavor violation (LFV) constitutes a clear indication of physics beyond the standard model (BSM). We review new physics searches in the processes that violate the conservation of lepton (muon) flavor by two units with muonia and muonium–antimuonium oscillations.
Highlights
IntroductionSince no local operators generate Flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC) in the standard model (SM) at tree level, new physics (NP) degrees of freedom can effectively compete with the SM particles running in the loop graphs, making their discovery possible
Flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC) interactions serve as a powerful probe of physics beyond the standard model (BSM)
If the new physics particles are heavier than the muon mass, their effect on muon transitions can be parameterized in terms of local operators of increasing dimension
Summary
Since no local operators generate FCNCs in the standard model (SM) at tree level, new physics (NP) degrees of freedom can effectively compete with the SM particles running in the loop graphs, making their discovery possible. This is, only true provided the BSM models include flavor-violating interactions. The operators in Equation (7) could lead to both muon decays μ → eνμ νe (note the “reversed” neutrino flavors), and muonium–antimuonium oscillations. The goal of experimental studies of ∆L = 2 transitions would be to find the observables that are sensitive to various combinations of Wilson coefficients of the effective Lagrangian in Equation (2). Studies of both unbound muon and muonium decays are needed
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