Abstract
Recently, electric vehicles (EVs) have proven remarkable impacts on reducing pollution and their suitability for utilizing renewable energy sources (RESs) instead of fossil fuels. The continuously increasing number of installed EVs has encouraged their employment for performing additional functionalities in utility grids. This paper provides study for the impacts of EV integration approaches on enhancing the operation of utility grids. The proposed study considers the targeted renewable energy powered utility grids with installed energy storage devices. Wind energy has been utilized as a case study for the RES with considering its stochastic characteristics and its continuous fluctuations with wind speed. Additionally, the superconducting magnetic energy storage system (SMES) device is chosen due to its promising long-life operation. The various aspects of point of common coupling (PCC) voltage fluctuations, reactive power support, leveling active power of the on-peak period, and power losses are considered in the proposed study. Moreover, fuzzy logic controller (FLC) systems have been proposed for controlling EVs and the SMES device. The energy management between the installed EVs, SMES, wind, and utility grid side is achieved through the coordination of the FLC systems. The results show that reduced peak and mean values of total power losses and line active power are obtained by the proposed coordination method. Moreover, improved profiles of the PCC voltage, reactive power support, active power leveling, and sustainable and reliable power supply are obtained by the proposed method for wide operating ranges and modes of operation.
Highlights
IN the last decade, an exponential increase of renewable energy source (RES) installations has been achieved in utility grids to get over the various problems of traditional fossil fuel sources [1], [2]
This paper presents a comprehensive study for the various impacts of different integration/control approaches of electric vehicles (EVs) on the enhancement of utility grid performance
The proposed study takes into consideration the stochastic properties of wind power generation and residential loads based on practical daily loading profiles
Summary
IN the last decade, an exponential increase of renewable energy source (RES) installations has been achieved in utility grids to get over the various problems of traditional fossil fuel sources [1], [2]. The targeted high number of EVs in operation would result in additional stresses on the control and operation of electrical power systems due to the increased charging/discharging power [20] They represent additional stochastic system for utility grids. The various effects of fast charging infrastructures for EVs in distribution systems have been discussed in [36] based on the controlled charging process without considering the RESs and ESSs. In [37], an electric vehicle-virtual power plant (EV-VPP) model has been proposed to overcome the problem of the transformer loading in addition to reducing the prices for congestion. Stimulated from the above-mentioned literature review, this paper provides a detailed study of the impacts of the integration approaches of EV systems on the operation of wind energy powered electrical power systems.
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