Studying environment characteristics of cultivation land in Dai Thinh Area, Me Linh District, Ha Noi city to serve sustainable development of health safe vegetables

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Cultivation land (Planting Soil) is a natural resource that plays an important role for organisms and humans. Soil pollution will badly affect human and animal health through food, vegetables, fruits, medicinal herbs, etc. To clarify the characteristics of the geochemical environment and estimate the quality of the soil environment in the Dai Thinh area, Me Linh district, Hanoi city, the authors combined the using of traditional and modern methods in the research process, such as: field research methods, grain-size analytical method plus X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) method to determine the major components (oxides) of soil. The high-frequency inductive plasma source spectroscopy combined mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method and optical AAS atomic adsorption spectroscopy have been used to determine the concentration of critical heavy metals in soil samples. Besides, the direct measurement method used to determine environmental indicators (pH, Eh, Ec). Research results show that agricultural soil in the studied area belongs to the group of heavy sandy loam, sandy loam, and sandy clay soils, with average content of sand (size of 0.05-2mm): 60.8 (%), silt (limon) (size of 0.005-0.05mm): 17.96 (%), clay (size of <0.005mm): 21.46 (%). The soil has not been yet polluted by critical heavy metals such as: As, Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ba, Sb, Co, Mo, Se and Sn. The soil in the studied area shows neutral acid-base values (average pH is 6.61), has a strong oxidizing environment (Eh > 150mV) (with values of Eh ranging from 183 to 310 mV), and is not saline (values of Ec ranging from 58.7 - 317.0 (µS/cm). Therefore, in terms of the results of determining environmental physical-chemical criteria and heavy metal concentration, the soil in the studied area can be used for health safe vegetable production. The research results not only serve as a basis for assessing the quality of the soil environment for safe healthy vegetable planting, but also serve as a scientific basis for the authors to propose a number of appropriate solutions to protect and improve the quality of vegetables, land environment protection, contributing to the planning and sustainable use of agricultural lands for the studied area.