Abstract
Roadway safety research indicates a correlation between drivers’ behavior, the demographics, and the local environment affecting the risk perception and roadway crashes. This research examines these issues in an Egyptian context by addressing three groups: private cars drivers, truck drivers, and public transportation drivers. A Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ) was developed to capture information about drivers’ behavior, personal characteristics, risk perception, and involvement in crashes. The risk perception was captured subjectively by exposing participants to various visual scenarios representing specific local conditions to rank their perception of the situation from a safety perspective.Results indicated that the human factor, in particular, failure of keeping a safe following distance, was a major cause of crashes. The analyzed data was used to predict expected crash frequency based on personal attributes, such as age, driving experience, personality traits, and driving behavior, using negative binomial models. The study recommends that the DBQ technique, combined with risk perception scenarios, can be used to understand drivers’ characteristics and behaviors and collect information on the crashes they experience.Practically the study findings could provide series of recommendations to the local authorities about the introduction of the traffic management and noise control act; raising awareness of driving etiquette; setting and enforcing driving hours’ regulations, and consider specific training programs for beginners drivers.
Highlights
World Health Organization (WHO) statistics for road crashes worldwide show that the number of deaths due to road crashes ranges between 1.25 and 1.35 million per year and are the leading cause of death among young people [1]
Demographic data The demographic analysis results show that 74.4% of the participants were males, and 70.7% had a university undergraduate or a post-graduate degree
Model goodness of fit All the models were tested by the goodness of fit (R2) test, the results showed that Model D, adjusted demographics and drivers’ behavior model was the best model represented the sample, as its Omnibus Test value equals 99.235 at a degree of freedom of 6 and significance of p = 0.000
Summary
World Health Organization (WHO) statistics for road crashes worldwide show that the number of deaths due to road crashes ranges between 1.25 and 1.35 million per year and are the leading cause of death among young people [1]. The objective is to map the relationship between drivers’ demographic characteristics, their history of traffic rules’ violations and crashes, and their level of risk perception while driving along Egyptian roads. With the above objectives in mind this paper has been structured as follows: background studies summarize relevant background studies in relation to risk perception, drivers’ behavior, driver demographics, and personality traits and their relation to roadway crashes. The “Methods” section presents the research methodology, and the steps that have been followed to study the drivers’ negative behaviors, risk perception, and their relationship to traffic crashes and violations concerning demographic factors. This research adopts the DBQ method to collect demographic information, driving behavior, drivers’ crash history, and estimates the level of risk perception. The survey is divided into four sections: (A) demographic characteristics, (B) the driver’s traffic violations and crashes, (C) driver behaviour, and (D) risk perception
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