Abstract
Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (massive MIMO) achieves its great spectrum efficiency primarily by exploiting spatial multiplexing, that is, by applying a large number of MIMO layers to several users at once. The power consumption in the massive MIMO base station (BS) determines the huge number of the antenna elements and ports that the hardware need to operate it. The actual deployment scenarios with varied user demands are the main focus of this research. While typical massive MIMO processing would continue to use a large portion of hardware power during periods of low user activity, spectral efficiency at its highest level could not be utilized due to the low user density, resulting in decreased resource cost and energy efficiency (EE). The Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE), Zero Forcing (ZF), and Maximum Ratio Transmission (MRT) algorithms were used in this study to examine how hybrid systems array topologies impact spectrum efficiency, average user throughput, and power consumption. It also shows how to construct a massive MIMO system for a certain goal scenario with much more EE while preserving a desired service quality.
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