Abstract
Aluminum is widely used in various industries in the form of alloys due to its unique properties - lightness, high electrical conductivity, and corrosion resistance. However, when casting alloys, various defects arise, the main of which are nonconformities of the ingot chemical composition, mechanical properties, and internal structure. The RUSAL Bratsk PJSC (, Irkutsk Region) aluminum alloy samples have been examined for pores, cracks, and oxide films. The causes of their occurrence have been analyzed and ways to eliminate these defects proposed. It has been found that, with increasing hydrogen content in the melt, micro-porosity leads to friability and macro-porosity of the alloy structure. According to the study results, the likelihood of cracks in the ingots could be reduced by evenly decreased metal temperature and casting velocity. The oxide film defects have been eliminated by feeding metal into the mold in a steady turbulence-free manner, increasing the metal settling time in a mixer, and reducing the alloy preparation time in a furnace.
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