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Abstract
Introduction: Evaluation of anti-inflammatory action of Codelac® Broncho with Thymus Serpyllum (elixir) in com-parison with Fenspiride was carried out on the model of acute carrageenan inflammation of the paws in rats. Materials and methods: Edema was caused by subplantar injection of 0.1 ml of 1% λ- carrageenan gel into the hind paw. The severity of edema was assessed by using 37140 plethysmometer (UGO BASILE, Italy). The measurements were performed before edema induction and 1, 2, 4, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours afterwards. Anti-inflammatory activity of the drugs was also evaluated based on the analysis of rats’ blood, C-reactive protein concentration and his- tological examination results. Results and discussion: A decrease in the paw volume increment was revealed in the group with the studied drug incomparison with the group with the carrageenan edema model (control) 4, 12, 24 hours after injection of carrageenan (p<0.05). As a result of plethysmometry, a more pronounced anti-inflammatory effect of the studied drug than that of Fenspiride was revealed. There was a significant decrease in the levels of leukocytes (p<0.05), lymphocytes (p<0.05), monocytes (p<0.05) and neutrophils (p<0.05) in the group with the studied drug compared to those the the control 48 hours after the initiation of edema, while in the group with Fenspiride, there was only a decrease in the levels of leukocytes (p<0.05) and lymphocytes (p<0.05). There were no differences in the concentration of C-reactive protein between the groups. Conclusion: The obtained data indicate a more pronounced anti-inflammatory activity of Codelac® Broncho with Thymus Serpyllum in comparison with Fenspiride, on the model of acute carrageenan inflammation of the paw in rats.
Highlights
Evaluation of anti-inflammatory action of Codelac® Broncho with Thymus Serpyllum in comparison with Fenspiride was carried out on the model of acute carrageenan inflammation of the paws in rats
There was a significant decrease in the levels of leukocytes (p
In case of injecting Codelac® Broncho with Thymus Serpyllum, there was a significant decrease in the paw volume increment compared to that in the control group, starting with 4 hours after the initiation of edema, by 42.4% (p
Summary
Evaluation of anti-inflammatory action of Codelac® Broncho with Thymus Serpyllum (elixir) in comparison with Fenspiride was carried out on the model of acute carrageenan inflammation of the paws in rats. Acute inflammation is characterized by rapid development of local inflammatory reaction in response to phlogogen and systemic reaction in the acute-phase response (Enikeev et al 2017). At the heart of the exudation phase is the reaction of the microcirculatory bed in the form of malperfusion at the site of injury, increased permeability of the vascular wall, exudation of plasma and emigration of blood cells from the vascular lumen to the surrounding tissues and phagocytosis. In the initial stages of the exudative phase, in response to perturbed vascular endothelium and disrupted platelets, there is release of endothelins, catecholamines, thromboxane A2 and leukotrienes, the vasoconstrictor tone reflexively increases, and at the site of injury there develops a short-term local spasm of arterioles lasting from a few seconds to a few minutes (Poryadin 2014). Under the influence of neutrophils, there is a change in the cell population in the focus of inflammation with the accumulation of macrophages there (Serebryannikov and Seminsky 2014)
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