Abstract
Learning is a cognitive process that occurs either
 in a formal or informal learning environment, by way of
 adopting either formal or informal learning process. While
 the significance of former has been widely accepted, later is
 still researched and lacks relevant studies on its implications
 for web-based learning, especially by way of instigating
 learning motivation. This paper presents descriptive analysis
 of learning motivation factors within (i) formal and informal
 learning environments, and (ii) formal and informal
 learning processes, and then examines their influence on
 web-based learning by computing Pearson correlations. To
 achieve study objectives, the paper discusses relevant literature
 and then conceptualizes a research model to be tested
 through a survey based questionnaire. Formal learning
 process is discussed with reference to learning activities as
 promoted by formal learning institutes, while informal
 learning process is examined by way of investigating learning
 motivation factors associated with (i) video-games, (ii)
 social networking websites and (iii) motion-pictures. Results
 illustrate interesting revelation of learning motivational
 factors, particularly motivational factors associated with
 informal learning environment and processes have been
 found to have a statistically significant relationship with
 web-based learning. The paper concludes implications of the
 statistical findings for designing of cognitively engaging
 web-based learning environments.
Highlights
A process is an activity which takes place over time and has a precise aim with respect to results to be achieved [1]
Formal Learning, as the name suggests, is regarded as formal form of education which is provided by training institutions, while informal learning takes place outside dedicated learning environment and there is some doubt as to whether the notion of informal learning is the most useful way forward
Coffield [3] argues that informal learning needs to be seen as fundamental, necessary and valuable in its own right, which at times unswervingly supports in finding employment
Summary
A process is an activity which takes place over time and has a precise aim with respect to results to be achieved [1]. The learning process, either takes place formally or informally. How interaction takes place is important because does it affects the learning effectiveness, and learner’s motivation; as pointed out by Schuemer [4], “to be a successful learner, learners must have a high degree of motivation”. In this paper, our research focus is to investigate motivational factors that govern two learning environments namely; formal and informal; by way of interacting with learners through their respective processes, and to study their relationship with web-based learning
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