Abstract
Introduction: Malaria is life threatening protozoal infection caused by plasmodium species and it is major health problem in India. Electrolyte alternation is commonly occurring in infections like malaria due to effects of parasitaemia on host cells. The objectives of study were to assess serum level of sodium, potassium and chloride in malaria cases and to find association of electrolyte alteration with severity of malaria infection in different type of malaria. Materials and Methods: Total 70 cases of P. falciparum, 70 cases of P. vivax and 70 age matched healthy controls were included in the study. Diagnosis of malaria was confirmed by QBC (Quantified buffy coat) malaria test. Estimation of electrolyte was done by direct ISE method. Result: There were significantly decreased in mean sodium, potassium and chloride level in P. falciparum malaria cases compare to controls (P Conclusion: Hyponatraemia, hypokalaemia and hypochloremia are found in malaria particularly in P. falciparum type. Hyponatremia and hypokalemia are associated with severity of malaria infection. Keywords: Hyponatraemia, Hypokalaemia, Hypochloremia, Malaria, Serum electrolytes.
Highlights
Malaria is life threatening protozoal infection caused by plasmodium species and it is major health problem in India
Malaria is life threatening protozoal infection caused by plasmodium species and transmitted by anopheles mosquitoes
Table among cases and controls, we have investigated the 3 is showing significant association of hyponatremia association between hyponatremia and hypokalemia with the severity of P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria
Summary
Malaria is life threatening protozoal infection caused by plasmodium species and transmitted by anopheles mosquitoes. It is most prevalent in tropical country like India.[1] According to latest world malaria report 2017, around 1-1.8 million cases have been reported and death occurs in around 20-45 thousand cases in year 2016.2 It continuous to be lethal infection, because of resistance of anti-malarial drugs in plasmodium, resistance of insecticides in vectors, migration and travelling of cases. If further classified in to mild (3.0-3.5mmol/L), moderate (2.53.0mmol/L) and severe (< 2.5mmol/L) type of hypokalemia.[7] Hyperkalemia is defined as increase K+ level > 5.0 mmol/L. Biological reference range for serum chloride in adult is 98.0-107.0 mmol/L. We carried out a study to evaluate serum level of Na+, K+, Cl- in P. falciparum and P. vivax infections and to find association of electrolyte imbalance with severity of malaria infections
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