Abstract
Acute viral hepatitis is the commonest cause of jaundice in pregnant women with clinical evidence of hepatitis with HEV being the predominant cause. Acute viral hepatitis is a systemic infection caused by six distinct types of viruses A, B, C, D, E and G. The present study was a prospective observational study done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Patna Medical College & Hospital, Patna over a 2 years period with 100 pregnant patients suffering from acute viral hepatitis. This study was conducted to know the prevalence, obstetric complications and maternal, perinatal outcome in pregnant women presenting with acute viral hepatitis. In our setup most common cause of acute viral hepatitis with adverse fetomaternal outcome was found to be with Hepatitis E .HBV was found to be the 2rd most common etiological factor followed by HAV. Adverse fetomaternal outcome like abortion, preterm, LBW, IUGR, IUD, higher NICU admissions, coagulation derangement, PPH, hepatic encephalopathy were mostly associated with HEV infection. Acute viral hepatitis was associated with a maternal mortality of 17% mostly attributable to HEV infection. In a developing country like India, awareness of pregnant women about viral hepatitis, regular ANC care, cost effectiveness and easy accessibility to health care system and treatment plays a key role in improving the current situation.
 Keywords: Viral hepatitis, Maternal, Fetal, Pregnancy
Highlights
Acute viral hepatitis is a systemic infection caused by six distinct types of viruses A, B, C, D, E and G
Acute viral hepatitis is the commonest cause of jaundice in pregnant women with clinical evidence of hepatitis with HEV being the predominant cause
In our setup most common cause of acute viral hepatitis with adverse fetomaternal outcome was found to be with Hepatitis E .HBV was found to be the 2rd most common etiological factor followed by HAV
Summary
Acute viral hepatitis is a systemic infection caused by six distinct types of viruses A, B, C, D, E and G. Early diagnosis and treatment is required for better management of the patients It is included in the screening tests in antenatal visits in health programme .Viral hepatitis is quite different in pregnant women than the non pregnant women in the developing countries.[3,4] HEV and HBV infections during pregnancy are associated with fulminant hepatic failure and high mortality rate.[5,6] HEV infection is responsible for worse maternal and fetal outcome in pregnant women with compared to other types of viral hepatitis.[7] Hepatitis B during pregnancy is related to its role in the perpetuation of chronic infection through vertical transmission. Viral hepatitis is the most common cause affecting the pregnant patient, prevalence being one in 700 pregnancies[10]
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