Study the Role Serum Omentin-1 in Occurrence and Development of Diabetic Retinopathy

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a retinal disease which is one of the most severe micro vascular complicationsoccurring due to diabetes mellitus and is a major cause of blindness. The aim of this work was to studythe serum level of omentin-1 and its relation to diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thestudy included 60 diabetic patients (30 patients T2DM complicated with DR and 30 patients T2DM notcomplicated with DR). The study also included 30 healthy control individuals defended as subjects whoapparently haven’t any chronic diseases. Thorough history taking and physical examination with calculationof body mass index (BMI), investigations were done including HbA1c, C-reactive protein (CRP) andserum omentin-1. Fundus examination was carried out by an expert ophthalmologist. The study showedthat serum omintin-1 was reduced significantly (P<0.001) in DM patients (15.29±3.69 ng/ml) as comparedwith the control group (24.95±4.22 ng/ml), Table 1. The study also showed that serum omintin-1 wasreduced significantly (P<0.001) in DR patients (12.39±2.21 ng/ml), comparing with DM patients withoutretinopathy (17.52±2.28 ng/ml). The study revealed that the highest mean of HbA1c was found in DMpatients (8.39±1.62 %) as compared by the control group (4.91±0.43 %) (P<0.001), Table 3. The study alsofound that HbA1c was elevated significantly (P<0.001) in DR patients (9.38±1.65 %) comparing with DMpatients without retinopathy (7.66±0.79 %) (P<0.001). The study showed that, the highest mean of serumCRP was recorded in DM patients (7.89±1.76 mg/dl), as compared with the control group (4.51±0.72 mg/dl) (P<0.001), Table 5. The study also found that CRP was elevated significantly (P<0.001) in DR patients(9.37±1.11 mg/dl) as compared with diabetic without retinopathy patients (6.41±0.73 mg/dl), The studyshowed that 60% DR patients suffered from T2D for more than 9 years and 40% suffered DM for 7-9 yearswhile all diabetic patients without retinopathy were suffered from T2D for ? 9 years with a significantrelation between Dr and the duration of diabetes (P<0.001). The study showed negative correlation of serumomentin-1 concentrations with duration of diabetes, BMI, HbA1c and CRP. From this study we can concludethat serum omentin-1 levels are correlated with the presence and severity of DR.