Abstract
This work introduces three models of parabolic dish collectors with different dimension to study the effect of change diameter and depth of the dish on the position of focus point and concentration ratio and the temperature of outlet hot water or steam by using different receivers. The present work deals with a new system consists of dish and receiver to produce hot water and steam from solar energy. The parabolic dish solar collector fabricated from iron with different dimension the first model with diameter (82 cm) and depth (6 cm), this gives focus length (70cm) and Concentration ratio (25.6). The second model with a diameter (100cm) and depth (3 cm), this give focus length (208cm) and concentration ratio (15). The third model with a diameter (150cm) and depth (12cm), This give focus length (100cm) and concentration ratio (399) and the front side covered by nickel sheet metal to focus the solar radiation upon the receiver for all models . Three different shapes of receiver tanks used with the third model ; namely case one which used rectangular receiver tank (100×50×5) cm3 filled with 25 liter of water. Case two used helical copper coil (12.5 mm× 3 m) inside aluminum cylindrical vessel (0.2 m ×0.6 m). Case three used radiator heat exchanger receiver tank (37×47×4) cm3 filled with 3 liter of water. Use low cost and available materials to manufacture the experimental part. The dish, used as part of the solar reflector, covered by several strips of nickel sheet metal. When the parabolic dish collector was operational, the temperature of water was 60 oC in rectangular receiver tank, 75 0C within the copper coil and 125 oC in radiator device receiver. For rectangular receiver tank, hot water obtained within time (2 h), for copper coil receiver tank, hot water obtained within time (30 min) and for radiator heat exchanger receiver, steam obtained within time (20 min).
Highlights
The engine driven by solar energy for thermal to electricity conversion is one of the most promising solution of renewable technologies to reduce the dependency from fossil fuels
The temperature of the hot water at the outlet of the pipe was measured for three different types of receiver periodically using a thermocouple in the experiments related to the Parabolic Dish Collector
The use of a different receiver for the Parabolic Dish Collector resulted in an increase of the water temperate, from 38 °C on 10 April 2018 at 1:00 PM, to 75 °C, as shown in Figure (11)
Summary
The engine driven by solar energy for thermal to electricity conversion is one of the most promising solution of renewable technologies to reduce the dependency from fossil fuels. Hooked up to the rear surface of the mirror petals were many skinny layers, whose shapes optimized to own reflective petals kind into a parabola , once their ends force toward one another by cables or rods, the parabola system redoubled the temperature of water up to 120 oC [5] .Developed a new design of large 500 m2 solar parabolic concentrator with 13.4 m focal length and altitude-azimuth tracking. The solar radiation incident upon the dish and reflected to absorbed vessel, which contain the helical coil which carrying the water The results of this experimental work give good indication to produce steam through short time from solar in Iraq. The solar dish array was relatively suitable for solar thermal applications [13]
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