Abstract
This work deals with the production of light fuel cuts of (gasoline, kerosene and gas oil) by catalytic cracking treatment of secondary product mater (heavy vacuum gas oil) which was produced from the vacuum distillation unit in any petroleum refinery. The objective of this research was to study the effect of the catalyst -to- oil ratio parameter on catalytic cracking process of heavy vacuum gas oil feed at constant temperature (450 °C). The first step of this treatment was, catalytic cracking of this material by constructed batch reactor occupied with auxiliary control devices, at selective range of the catalyst –to- oil ratio parameter ( 2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5) respectively. The conversion of heavy vacuum gas oil which was obtained, reaches to (50, 70, 75 and 80) % for (2, 2.5, 3 and 3.5 catalysts -to- oil ratio parameter respectively. The second step for this study was distillation of this cracking heavy vacuum gas oil liquid by atmospheric distillation device for these several catalyst -to- oil ratio parameter, according to obtained light fuel cuts (gasoline, kerosene and gas oil). The percentage volume of light fractions at various COR are (7, 25 and 18) for COR 2, (10, 20 and 40) for COR 2.5, (10, 30 and 35) for COR 3 and (15, 30 and 35) for COR 3.5 which separates according to its boiling point. The light cuts were distilled by atmospheric distillation device in order to obtained distillation curve. The third step was study the major physical and chemical properties for feed (heavy vacuum gas oil) and catalytic cracking liquid of HVGO at various COR with its light fuel fractions, the results refers to acceptable properties compared with other commercial properties.
Highlights
The purpose of catalytic cracking reaction is to convert high boiling petroleum feedstocks to lower boiling products by cracking the hydrocarbon in the feed
The second step is, distillation process that will be done by ASTM- D86 device; on the heavy vacuum gas oil feed and cracked liquid fuel and its light products to final distillation temperature is 350 °C and the results were listed in table 2
Finely calculate the major physical and chemical properties of the heavy vacuum gas oil feed and cracked Heavy vacuum gas oil (HVGO) liquid its light fuel fractions in order to compare it with commercial types and possibilities of use it in various usages
Summary
The purpose of catalytic cracking reaction is to convert high boiling petroleum feedstocks to lower boiling products by cracking the hydrocarbon in the feed. Heavy vacuum gas oil (HVGO) is complex mixtures of high molecular weight compounds. They consist of aromatic, aliphatic and naphthenic hydrocarbons, typically having carbon numbers from C20 to C50, together with asphaltenes and smaller amounts of heterocyclic compounds containing sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen. Lappas et al 1986 study the catalytic cracking for wax at reaction temperature 460, 500, 538 and 565°C and catalyst to oil ratio 2 – 12 to produce light fuels and the conversions ranges from 70 to 90 wt.%. The objective of this research was to study the effect of different catalyst -to- oil ratio on catalytic cracking process of heavy vacuum gas oil feed at constant temperature (450 °C)
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