Abstract
Objective: The association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and certain endocrine disorders has the paucity of information and limited data in the province of Meisan (southern of Iraq). Hence, in the present study, an attempt was made to investigate the levels of plasma HbA1c, serum insulin resistance and levels of serum sex hormones in men and women of control and type 2 diabetic patients. Also, the present study aimed to explored the correlation coefficient (r) between insulin resistance and level of HbA1c, FSH, LH, Tt, progesterone and estradiol in men and women patients with NIDDM. Methods: One hundred Iraqi volunteers with abdominal obesity were selected in the present study. Fifty diabetic patients with NIDDM (26 men, and 24 women) aged between (37) and (65) years and 50 healthy individuals (25 men, and 25 women) aged between (36) and (65) years considered as control group. Complete medical history was taken from each subject and complete clinical examinations were performed for all volunteers. Then, the two groups were matched for their fasting blood sugar, BMI, insulin hormone; c-peptide, HbA1c, sex hormones and insulin resistance parameters (HOMA2-IR, HOMA%B and HOMA%S) were calculated using HOMA2 calculator software. Results: We found that insulin resistance demonstrated negative correlations (p 0.05) with levels of serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), total testosterone, progesterone and estradiol. While, there was a positive and significant correlation (p 0.01) with value of HbA1c in men and women NIDDM patients. Conclusion: We conclude that an increase in the level of insulin resistance is associated with increased level of blood HbA1c and decreased in level of serum sex hormones (FSH, LH, Tt, E2 and progesterone) in men and women of diabetic group. These behaviors might suggest that insulin resistance can be used as a potential biomarker for predicting dysfunction of sex hygiene in NIDDM patients in addition to glycemic control.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders in which a person has hyperglycemia, which may be due to the insulin secretion is not enough, or because tissue cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced from pancreatic β-cells [1]
We conclude that an increase in the level of insulin resistance is associated with increased level of blood HbA1c and decreased in level of serum sex hormones (FSH, luteinizing hormone (LH), Tt, E2 and progesterone) in men and women of diabetic group
These behaviors might suggest that insulin resistance can be used as a potential biomarker for predicting dysfunction of sex hygiene in NIDDM patients in addition to glycemic control
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders in which a person has hyperglycemia, which may be due to the insulin secretion is not enough, or because tissue cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced from pancreatic β-cells [1]. Several observational studies have reported an association of insulin resistance with levels of serum sex hormones in patients with NIDDM [4]. Insulin resistance (IR) is the reducing of biological effects (glucose assimilation) in tissues and organs to the answer for insulin action on the specific cell receptors It can be divided into three levels. It can develop on pre-receptor level: Disorder of pancreas β-cell function; cell level: decreasing of tissue insulin sensitivity; liver level: increasing of glucose production. In the present study, an attempt was made to investigate the levels of plasma HbA1c, serum insulin resistance and levels of serum sex hormones in men and women of control and type 2 diabetic patients. The present study aimed to explored the correlation coefficient (r) between insulin resistance and level of HBA1C, FSH, LH, Tt, progesterone and estradiol in men and women patients with NIDDM
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