Abstract
The objective of this work is to describe and analyze historical series of climatic parameters of mean air temperature and rainfall, in June and December, in cities in Brazil. The data related to the daily historical series were obtained from 243 meteorological stations of the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) and analyzes were performed by applying statistical tests for detecting possible trends in the referred time series. It was observed that the non-parametric tests of Mann-Kendall and Pettitt are the most suitable for the analysis of climatic variables, allowing to detect when a significant trend in a certain region of the country occurs. The correlation of these climatic magnitudes with the occurrence dates of the El Niño and La Niña phenomena allowed us to observe a strong association of the average temperature increase in years of strong El Niño events, especially in the month of December.
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