Study on usability of Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht.f.sp. tulipae Apt. metabolites for screening for basal rot resistance in tulip

Abstract

The usefulness of fungus culture filtrates and fusaric acid as selecting agents for <i>Fusarium</i> resistance breeding in tulip was examined on <i>in vitro</i> cultures of shoots and embryonic calli of seven tulip genotypes differing in resistance to <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> Schlecht. f. sp. <i>tulipae</i> Apt. (F.o.t.) and four virulent F.o.t. isolates. Fusaric acid influenced the shoot growth of all cultivars tested in a similar way, irrespectively of their greenhouse resistance to basal rot. Also, the sensitivity of calli of the cultivars studied to fusaric acid did not correspond with their resistance to F.o.t. evaluated in the greenhouse screening. The phytotoxity of F.o.t. culture filtrates did not depend on their fusaric acid contents. There was a negative correlation between cultivar's resistance to F.o.t in greenhouse tests and the sensitivity of their shoots to fungus culture filtrates in <i>in vitro</i> tests. This indicates that defence mechanism against F.o.t. in tulip tissue may have a nature of hypersensitive response. Considering the results of our study, it may be concluded that the use of fusaric acid or fungus culture filtrates for the <i>in vitro</i> selection of somaclones resistant to F.o.t. in tulip is not feasible.