Study on two wheeler helmet for reducing head injuries on different 3D-printed materials: A numerical analysis

Abstract

A helmet is essential for bike riders to protect the head injuries. It has been designed in such a way that it can protect against injuries to the head, so it requires more concern to protect during an accident. Many accidents have been reported, and thousands of life has been lost due to head injuries. Head injuries have happened with the external load, which not gives the natural protection by the head skull. So, this study analyzed the helmet structure and identified the major area of damage to protect the human head. This study may help the helmet industries provide better safety in the major concern area of the helmet. Here, ANSYS software was used to analyze the helmet structure with different boundary conditions, which are fixed bottom and load applied on the top area, fixed bottom and applied load on the top line, left side fixed and applied load on the right side and right side fixed and applied load on the left side of the helmet. In addition, find an optimum material to manufacture the helmet structure with lightweight and better durability during an accident. Here, the material is considered as high impact polystyrene (HIP), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), polypropylene (PP) for the helmet structure. The simulation has been taken care of for the static condition, such as total deformation and von Mises for the considered boundary conditions. Additionally, a dynamic analysis is to identify the total deformation of the helmet. The comparison result shows that the HIPS material was the most suitable and acceptable material per the BIS standard experimental data.