Abstract
The local destruction and deformation characteristics of a concrete target impacted by a rigid projectile were analyzed, and the similarity laws for local damage effects in the concrete target were studied utilizing the rigid-plastic, internal friction, and modified hydrodynamic models. For a thin target, the impact factor is the only factor controlling the low-velocity impact process. For a thick target impacted by a projectile at intermediate velocity, internal friction is the main factor contributing to the energy dissipation. The impact factor, the toughness factor, and the dynamic factor together determine the penetration process. However, for a thick target impacted at high velocity, the impact factor and hardness factor together determine the penetration process. The penetration depth shows a 2/3 power relationship with impact velocity. For thick targets, similarity laws change along with impact velocity. The radii ratio between the projectile and penetration tunnel is proportional to the projectile’s diameter for intermediate velocity impact and only shows a relationship with the impact velocity for high velocity penetration.
Highlights
As the main construction material, concrete is widely used in civil and military engineering
For a finite thickness target impacted by a rigid projectile, overall and local effects appear as the striking velocity increases
In this study, based on the analysis of concrete target local destruction and deformation characteristics, the similarity laws of concrete targets impacted by rigid projectiles are studied with the rigid-plastic, internal friction, and modified hydrodynamic models for a wide range of striking velocities
Summary
As the main construction material, concrete is widely used in civil and military engineering. The corresponding methods of calculating the scabbing thickness, perforation thickness, and the penetration depth have been obtained both experimentally and analytically [2, 3]. Other empirical formulae were proposed by Young [10], BLZ [11], Bernard and Creighton [12], UMIST [13], and Zhou [14]. The above models provide a framework for the impact process study on concrete targets, but the destruction mechanisms hiding in the empirical and analytical models still require reasonable physical explanations, and the inherent regularities need to be discovered. In this study, based on the analysis of concrete target local destruction and deformation characteristics, the similarity laws of concrete targets impacted by rigid projectiles are studied with the rigid-plastic, internal friction, and modified hydrodynamic models for a wide range of striking velocities
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